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	<title>阅微堂 &#187; Erdos</title>
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	<description>数学、金融、计算机</description>
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		<title>Proofs from the Book - 来自圣经的证明</title>
		<link>http://zhiqiang.org/blog/science/recommend-proofs-from-the-book.html</link>
		<comments>http://zhiqiang.org/blog/science/recommend-proofs-from-the-book.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Jun 2008 01:57:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>zhiqiang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[自然科学]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Erdos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof from the book]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数学]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://zhiqiang.org/blog/?p=802</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[博客 » 自然科学 » Erdos，proof from the book，数学 » "Good mathematics" could refer (in no particular order) to ...... Elegant mathematics (e.g. Paul Erdos's concept of "proofs from the Book" achieving a difficult result with a minimum of effort); Terry Tao in What is Good Mathematics 我很早就听说过这本书，但真正引起我的兴趣是在看到那个Sylvester-Gallai定理的证明之后。 Sylvester-Gallai定理：平面上不全共线的个点，必有一条直线恰...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p id="breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb"><a href="http://zhiqiang.org/blog/">博客</a> » <a href="http://zhiqiang.org/blog/category/science">自然科学</a> » <a href="http://zhiqiang.org/blog/tag/erdos" rel="tag">Erdos</a>，<a href="http://zhiqiang.org/blog/tag/proof-from-the-book" rel="tag">proof from the book</a>，<a href="http://zhiqiang.org/blog/tag/%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6" rel="tag">数学</a> » </p><blockquote><p>"Good mathematics" could refer (in no particular order) to</p>
<p>...... <strong>Elegant mathematics</strong> (e.g. Paul Erdos's concept of "<strong>proofs from the Book</strong>" achieving a difficult result with a minimum of effort);</p>
<p align="right">Terry Tao in <a href="http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/math/pdf/0702/0702396v1.pdf" target="_blank">What is Good Mathematics</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>我很早就听说过这本书，但真正引起我的兴趣是在看到那个Sylvester-Gallai定理的证明之后。</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Sylvester-Gallai定理</strong>：平面上不全共线的<span class='MathJax_Preview'><img src='http://zhiqiang.org/blog/wp-content/plugins/latex/cache/tex_89bcaa1d9d43ec4ff5b4a71ed93ec73e.gif' style='vertical-align: middle; border: none; ' class='tex' alt="n(n>2)" /></span><script type='math/tex'>n(n>2)</script>个点，必有一条直线恰过其中两个点。</p></blockquote>
<p>这个定理的最原始的证明我很早就见过，极端法的经典例子，很多人都知道；但书里给的方法可谓绝妙。这还说明不了什么，我们不能单为了绝妙而去弄不必要的证明。但同样的视角（对偶原理）可以用来证明Motzkin-Rabin定理，后者是我想了好久都没想出来怎么做的问题，而且这个定理<a href="https://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/myciteseer/login" target="_blank">其它的证明</a>都繁复无比。</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Motzkin-Rabin定理</strong>：平面上不全共线的<span class='MathJax_Preview'><img src='http://zhiqiang.org/blog/wp-content/plugins/latex/cache/tex_89bcaa1d9d43ec4ff5b4a71ed93ec73e.gif' style='vertical-align: middle; border: none; ' class='tex' alt="n(n>2)" /></span><script type='math/tex'>n(n>2)</script>个点，每个点红黑二染色后，存在一条直线穿过至少两个点且颜色全部相同。</p></blockquote>
<p>书中这两个定理的证明已经有人翻译整理放到网上。</p>
<p>读一读这本书吧，你会喜欢上数学的。</p>
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<p>注：这本书中文译名为《来自圣经的证明》，但也有说是《来自天书的证明》的。</p>
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